{"id":"W3136595971","doi":"10.3390/membranes11030213","title":"Antifouling and Flux Enhancement of Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Grafting Poly (3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate) Brushes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Polymer chemistry; Biofouling; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Methacrylate; Membrane; Atom-transfer radical-polymerization; Reverse osmosis; Materials science; Grafting; Chemical engineering; Thin-film composite membrane; Cationic polymerization; Acrylate; Polymer; Copolymer; Chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001676384,0.0003408055,0.0001990134,0.0001494557,0.0001223281,0.0001479948,0.0001236975,0.0002692401,0.0003840282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015721,0.0001386074,0.0002267686,0.0001088946,0.00013517,0.0002391828,0.000132529,0.0002208404,0.0001223682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001586783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001095323,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004384195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006180012,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999191,0.00001420199,0.000004731733,0.0000167942,0.00002533121,0.00001977432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999115,0.00001798064,0.00002476288,0.000005484946,0.00002547359,0.00001470409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001631925,0.000003543084,0.00002985419,0.000008683574,7.934921e-7,0.000007210562,0.00000451274,0.00001345035,0.9995951,0.000009194935,0.000003046414,0.0003082204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002119484,0.0000380597,0.0005822143,7.847905e-7,0.000002405475,0.00002169131,0.000003322855,0.0002711068,0.9989372,0.000004328504,0.0001352254,0.000001516971],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975661,0.000271863,0.001773868,0.00002177205,0.000008282089,0.000007839694,0.00002666107,0.00002463762,0.0002989467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995208,0.0003441878,0.003657877,0.00001890748,0.000006318512,0.00001371304,0.00004736842,0.000008577783,0.000695152],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004384195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001284719,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01286730139471656,"score_gpt":0.2380871460853628,"score_spread":0.2252198446906462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}