{"id":"W3136736705","doi":"10.1007/s12134-021-00811-7","title":"Public and Private Sector Earnings of Immigrants and the Canadian-Born: Evidence from the Labour Force Survey","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Earnings; Immigration; Public sector; Private sector; Demographic economics; Labour economics; Business; Economics; Political science; Economic growth; Accounting; Economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00136746,0.000343969,0.000459669,0.002297994,0.002612107,0.002059779,0.001544573,0.0009148246,0.003438089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005674141,0.0003738951,0.0006793937,0.006901021,0.001126263,0.000860995,0.001313295,0.001090304,0.0004089317],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008752558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01671977,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9862104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9926439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983881,0.0001589936,0.00008406338,0.0001258345,0.0004482387,0.0007948937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9947206,0.0005762798,0.001645831,0.0001983845,0.001608026,0.001250783],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001096294,0.00007356041,0.994193,0.00002071326,0.00006575124,0.00006744041,0.0009822124,0.00006707525,0.00004681692,0.0001852979,0.001117979,0.003070411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004447152,0.00001278803,0.9966253,0.00001865998,0.00001703263,0.0000124908,0.002632595,0.00005078945,0.00001418511,0.00002025742,0.000585106,0.000006372693],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.991469,0.0008102794,0.0000277118,0.0005719957,0.00001872314,0.00001389388,0.004564984,0.000003622712,0.002519878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933563,0.0009455913,0.00003522742,0.0001178624,0.00001329886,0.000008507282,0.003405205,0.000002926295,0.002115116],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01378959,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06350452,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03388583178555361,"score_gpt":0.3022275189343273,"score_spread":0.2683416871487737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}