{"id":"W3137322796","doi":"10.23967/wccm-eccomas.2020.276","title":"Penalization in Density-Based Topology Optimization: A Mathematical Perspective","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Convexity; Mathematical optimization; Topology optimization; Context (archaeology); Maxima and minima; Computer science; Minification; Topology (electrical circuits); Optimization problem; Continuation; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Finite element method; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006072756,0.0001091398,0.0001567301,0.000139992,0.00002414686,0.00001789084,0.00005877115,0.0001124441,0.002158885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001250884,0.0001261264,0.00002936802,0.0004080677,0.00003645551,0.00008426795,0.0000166511,0.0001139686,0.00003311998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001538894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003822077,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003260769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002469877,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993618,0.00002980803,0.0001976238,0.0001585276,0.00007649946,0.0001757675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996014,0.00006864858,0.0000112092,0.0001618022,0.0001157218,0.00004118345],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001416443,0.00002017635,0.0003173805,0.00002013455,0.000009262859,0.00002831405,0.000161488,0.9295171,0.00009046504,0.06973363,0.00008895309,0.00001165313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000325609,0.000005529745,0.0001538016,0.00001240871,0.000006387491,0.00003449585,0.0003518951,0.9945933,0.002886984,0.001440658,0.00005671301,0.0001322062],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00235612,0.0000976332,0.971856,0.0004941198,0.0001794994,0.00007531785,9.680192e-7,0.0003637986,0.02457656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7181804,0.00002125549,0.2811513,0.0001986557,0.00004511189,0.00002612768,0.00002571349,0.00004041928,0.0003109518],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7158243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987532,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007301292438917747,"score_gpt":0.226849177771082,"score_spread":0.2195478853321643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}