{"id":"W3137875333","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.104.035134","title":"Symmetry-breaking effects of instantons in parton gauge theories","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. B./Physical review. B","topic":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Instanton; Quantum chromodynamics; Gauge boson; Fermion; Particle physics; Gauge theory; Boson; Chiral symmetry breaking; Semiclassical physics; Massless particle; Theoretical physics; Quantum mechanics; Quantum","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002671374,0.0004374361,0.001582453,0.00005054361,0.00009252827,0.00003790394,0.0003311606,0.00002798221,0.0001687679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003878291,0.0003695352,0.0008595328,0.001243161,0.000145913,0.0002866369,0.0001911435,0.0005637308,0.0001882791],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005972257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001489679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001090551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001362065,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971365,0.0004493581,0.0008026757,0.0005992816,0.0004559502,0.0005562219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971899,0.001180113,0.0003955376,0.0007878916,0.0002333852,0.0002131958],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006922079,0.001630117,0.001658095,0.004852629,0.000107208,0.00002064314,0.00009093465,0.000004455751,0.0157629,0.9536331,0.0003801438,0.0218529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009329867,0.0003046509,0.003194238,0.04578067,0.001017784,0.000008664615,0.00005869325,0.010419,0.07852027,0.8413224,0.017349,0.001091667],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9595028,0.02446482,0.00278935,0.001243802,0.0002412477,0.0009042284,0.00009477969,0.00004076836,0.01071818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859068,0.01265824,0.00006032874,0.0006021278,0.0003782031,0.0002237063,0.00008512487,0.00004596046,0.00003954389],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1123107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998757,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008234783649289788,"score_gpt":0.3637912874788222,"score_spread":0.3555565038295324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}