{"id":"W3139492850","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2021.117036","title":"Biological ion exchange capable of sulphate-based secondary ion exchange during long-term DOC removal","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dissolved organic carbon; Chemistry; Chloride; Ion exchange; Nitrate; Ion-exchange resin; Ion; Environmental chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002401249,0.0003286948,0.0003083257,0.0001106904,0.0002321678,0.0005644613,0.0002599122,0.0004220484,0.0006304297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001984228,0.0001269088,0.0003235367,0.00008278385,0.0002386791,0.0002854793,0.0002838287,0.0003261403,0.0003391194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002202696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002331445,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000589545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001077919,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998909,0.00001251326,0.00000746661,0.0000246124,0.00002941404,0.00003493619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999105,0.00001612858,0.00001222603,0.00001193232,0.00002211475,0.00002696921],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006637922,0.00001376181,0.00009291294,0.00001708838,0.000002520873,0.00002361866,0.000007613365,0.00003968764,0.9987746,0.0000234204,0.00002005855,0.0009182307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005393454,0.0001354563,0.001094884,0.000001553364,0.000007756529,0.0000603228,0.00001011653,0.0004044358,0.9976708,0.00001529163,0.0005907374,0.000003337356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953958,0.0006750781,0.002506828,0.00005940073,0.00007433628,0.00002184566,0.00008806849,0.00007208349,0.001106587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959866,0.0002288086,0.001651352,0.00002434077,0.00001176142,0.00001131121,0.0001086099,0.000009753935,0.001967345],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006304297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002109051,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0693399604095526,"score_gpt":0.3113250357722046,"score_spread":0.241985075362652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}