{"id":"W3148088604","doi":"10.5948/upo9781614445159.009","title":"Probability and Statistics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"MAA spectrum","topic":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Statistics; Probability and statistics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001245687,0.001648446,0.001336921,0.003769834,0.00153659,0.005913619,0.0009761002,0.001729549,0.0534001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006206213,0.000503697,0.0003977193,0.004383571,0.003431828,0.00521744,0.001768164,0.00535028,0.04035656],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002732931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002993597,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002546197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005652975,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986349,0.0003927538,0.00006031179,0.0001990491,0.0006531657,0.00005976699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980639,0.001056888,0.00009567212,0.0002425907,0.0004316562,0.000109393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004316444,0.00001733462,0.00009912542,0.0001516233,0.000006520527,0.00002854325,0.0003562951,0.0003033246,0.0001011405,0.6224462,0.2791408,0.09734476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002180649,0.000006874937,0.0001802966,0.0001881062,0.000004023193,0.00007684721,0.00009376601,0.0004635501,0.00005179613,0.3570915,0.641834,0.000007126966],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005249131,0.07015917,0.05871338,0.01280872,0.005678591,0.0000659459,0.0004480655,0.0005936442,0.8510076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01844036,0.04354386,0.01426937,0.004676718,0.010312,0.0002578876,0.0004280598,0.0007438341,0.9073278],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0534001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1786411,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2312874632911795,"score_gpt":0.3651661877090556,"score_spread":0.1338787244178761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}