{"id":"W3148547471","doi":"10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109464","title":"Thresholds for carcinogens","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemico-Biological Interactions","topic":"Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; ExxonMobil Foundation","keywords":"Carcinogen; Tumor promotion; Hormesis; Latency (audio); Carcinogenesis; Tumor initiation; Latency stage; Medicine; Cancer; Cancer incidence; Toxicology; Oncology; Physiology; Biology; Internal medicine; Genetics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000125524,0.0004828512,0.001104921,0.00006141846,0.0001567392,0.00006115528,0.0003563955,0.0006677224,0.0002550856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001853542,0.000381151,0.0015507,0.0001369123,0.00009935732,0.000002841039,0.0003216145,0.0003626828,0.00002799662],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001011446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002152739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004907867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001595061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997985,0.00007270421,0.0005459707,0.0008878654,0.00008591944,0.0004225148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986716,0.0001272284,0.0002337769,0.0006421147,0.0001791622,0.0001461361],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005938855,0.0009091719,0.00006639352,0.004110282,0.002298638,0.00003536469,0.00003312603,0.00000563781,0.1403379,0.0008065081,0.1247417,0.7265959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001326894,0.0001352535,0.000001784687,0.0005983746,0.000318159,0.0002123969,0.00003851896,0.000001724636,0.006190668,0.0000196494,0.9918993,0.0004515447],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006062216,0.9948948,0.0007340627,0.00003814815,0.0006426063,0.0007778748,0.0007704863,0.00002896588,0.001506814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006630389,0.9868218,0.0007385582,0.000178228,0.001167369,0.0008690711,0.007037407,0.00005609588,0.002468393],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8671575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1519568620121119,"score_gpt":0.4248579372278904,"score_spread":0.2729010752157786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}