{"id":"W3150772228","doi":"10.1017/9781108575102.001","title":"Introduction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Extant taxon; Scholarship; Epistemology; Sociology; Philosophy; Political science; Biology; Evolutionary biology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004293393,0.0002710906,0.0002794744,0.00008626403,0.0001959566,0.00002893753,0.0002214203,0.0001215108,0.0003838329],"category_scores_gemma":[8.143606e-7,0.0003586321,0.0001781868,0.000005234002,0.0001191855,0.00007106261,0.0001917655,0.0003844406,0.00007949517],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001527778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001885743,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002581295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.352276e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990528,0.00002075215,0.0001433607,0.0004550257,0.0001380093,0.0001900083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992109,0.00001399735,0.0001531928,0.0004073193,0.0001061135,0.0001084957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001208657,0.00000748975,0.00000398696,0.00001026454,0.00015117,0.0000232718,0.00001701486,0.000001838898,0.0000111567,0.7969878,0.1955702,0.007203761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002456422,0.000008614033,0.000003930563,0.00003546925,0.00009976084,0.000001729825,0.00004322253,0.000001358387,0.0003356495,0.00001135529,0.9988836,0.0003296584],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002353821,0.00003410888,0.006261345,0.00001516163,0.0006822342,0.0001408056,0.0001260647,0.00005212616,0.9926646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001807976,0.000002698174,0.0009177008,0.00001349636,0.001340637,7.015767e-7,0.000309553,0.00003124661,0.9972032],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8033134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01093469825108547,"score_gpt":0.175978122799534,"score_spread":0.1650434245484485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}