{"id":"W3153600795","doi":"10.1109/jsen.2021.3072607","title":"Contact and Remote Breathing Rate Monitoring Techniques: A Review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"IEEE Sensors Journal","topic":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Breathing; Respiratory monitoring; Radar; Computer science; Real-time computing; Remote patient monitoring; Respiratory rate; Doppler radar; Remote sensing; Electronic engineering; Medicine; Engineering; Telecommunications; Respiratory system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001127887,0.0008335953,0.002628257,0.0003440235,0.0002093991,0.0003522766,0.0003475515,0.0004119945,0.0000251766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002409902,0.0007528113,0.0007020448,0.00047936,0.00003099239,0.0003160468,0.00006960616,0.002450332,0.00003277581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005615878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001459078,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007285883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.708016e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996888,0.0004317118,0.00122522,0.0004311244,0.0003767299,0.0006472308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981825,0.0003895779,0.0004107302,0.0004574152,0.0001769427,0.000382843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[6.318216e-7,0.000004512769,0.000002357932,0.04045913,0.0003360344,0.00201202,0.00003441883,0.000006100426,0.0006072886,0.000001263512,0.0008782017,0.955658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008087015,0.00002462309,4.484029e-7,0.3754857,0.0007567147,0.01036256,0.00001348346,0.000004745104,0.00108313,0.00001238107,0.6115226,0.0006528071],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002935237,0.9945615,0.0008464933,0.00001046103,0.003040486,0.0005347629,0.00001234992,0.0003139377,0.0006506427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000009451496,0.9906373,0.005385942,0.00001695144,0.00355586,0.00001254505,0.000003938076,0.0002642893,0.0001136982],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9550052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999851,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04125053884459742,"score_gpt":0.3169026512045932,"score_spread":0.2756521123599958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}