{"id":"W3154977719","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2021.661453","title":"Perspectives on the Management of Surplus Dairy Calves in the United States and Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","topic":"Animal health and immunology","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island; University of Guelph","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Welfare; Dairy cattle; Colostrum; Business; Interim; Animal welfare; Yard; Agricultural science; Agricultural economics; Economics; Animal science; Medicine; Market economy; Biology; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001996468,0.0005442182,0.0005053409,0.002054983,0.003261214,0.003965989,0.001543858,0.001471128,0.005216009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002855711,0.0001740717,0.0006468275,0.002929938,0.001880504,0.001076103,0.001226746,0.001605171,0.0003062755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04360388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1635735,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9738125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9897721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982138,0.0002648694,0.0001018711,0.0001332536,0.0007499786,0.0005362356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960167,0.0003470554,0.0002366429,0.00002729431,0.002773228,0.0005990398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002603836,0.0001259583,0.03494346,0.01516225,0.0003511536,0.004879088,0.0120185,0.003755742,0.005243788,0.08287297,0.2861992,0.5541874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001449147,0.00009365784,0.02314808,0.01007947,0.0001947555,0.000794871,0.01112735,0.0003809238,0.0005990829,0.003733475,0.9497239,0.0001098954],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01681887,0.796618,0.001663462,0.09939766,0.002288333,0.000108969,0.002133384,0.00006233125,0.0809091],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.132732,0.8268817,0.004150807,0.0235115,0.0004368683,0.00006580031,0.000868616,0.00002743771,0.0113252],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04360388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3163698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08337460673664053,"score_gpt":0.362903870319825,"score_spread":0.2795292635831845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}