{"id":"W3155307953","doi":"10.29173/mlj1016","title":"In the Aftermath of R v Pham: A Comment on Certainty of Removal and Mitigation of Sentences","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Manitoba Law Journal","topic":"Legal Issues in South Africa","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Certainty; Philosophy; Linguistics; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001151534,0.00004742928,0.0001234928,0.00003242122,0.000169287,0.00002498835,0.0002182753,0.00004279304,0.0000324825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008789163,0.00003176253,0.00003456669,0.0001243545,0.0007839351,0.0001010503,0.0000242625,0.0001404443,0.000001390016],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000328138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002479865,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01299439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02139156,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988106,0.0003254778,0.0002652407,0.00005599101,0.0004289419,0.0001137877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993749,0.0001384578,0.0002426336,0.00008376921,0.0001286535,0.00003154633],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003451374,0.0004712658,0.02942071,0.00008480313,0.00007019955,0.00007451972,0.667757,0.000008332814,0.001757095,0.2858984,0.004529917,0.009582669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001950576,0.001517277,0.01822726,0.0006737775,0.00008198529,0.00009345073,0.6385669,0.000122894,0.01250229,0.05680007,0.2691828,0.0002807006],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9698176,0.00009003749,0.0000109693,0.004842536,0.0002006448,0.00009967825,0.000004286717,0.00000193824,0.02493234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987157,0.00002263507,0.0003083119,0.0007202241,0.0002241392,9.20838e-7,1.68831e-7,0.000002218745,0.000005689113],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2646529,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964655,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02454718706991866,"score_gpt":0.3142020781336466,"score_spread":0.2896548910637279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}