{"id":"W3155491852","doi":"10.1029/2020wr028745","title":"Subsurface Migration of Methane From Oil Sands Thermal Recovery Operations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Imperial Oil Limited; Canadian Natural Resources Limited; Cenovus Energy; University of Calgary","keywords":"Methane; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Oil sands; Permeability (electromagnetism); Dissolution; Groundwater; Residual oil; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Steam injection; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering; Petrology; Asphalt; Materials science; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008970757,0.0001931642,0.0001720491,0.0003680863,0.0003454771,0.0003022732,0.0001727044,0.0002475681,0.0008724735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001646088,0.00008287801,0.0001624635,0.0002536645,0.0001524601,0.0002548905,0.0002431744,0.0001999524,0.00009211565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005430375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000363356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01720843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01554144,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999342,0.000004925223,0.00000239723,0.00001522441,0.00002262508,0.00002059061],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999226,0.00001228865,0.00002210888,0.000003834114,0.00002689295,0.00001220982],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008185847,0.0001261704,0.1056721,0.0001376241,0.00003471569,0.0005498567,0.0004155283,0.003838595,0.8698758,0.0001688949,0.0002416238,0.01812054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002560978,0.001194846,0.3762623,0.00003475941,0.00007870325,0.0002521797,0.001709293,0.02448739,0.5932245,0.0001562499,0.002528844,0.00004521077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995602,0.00002227735,0.000129817,0.000006205394,0.000001209307,0.000002187038,0.00007249616,0.000006119766,0.0001994739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994311,0.00002798597,0.0001889039,0.00000247765,7.070641e-7,0.000001867578,0.0001008997,0.000001812627,0.0002442876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9827915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03421652,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03570429551561279,"score_gpt":0.2840825904421129,"score_spread":0.2483782949265002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}