{"id":"W3155695591","doi":"10.5430/rwe.v12n2p334","title":"Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Cost of Equity of ASEAN-5 Public Companies","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research in World Economy","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cost of equity; Nonprobability sampling; Equity ratio; Business; Leverage (statistics); Corporate social responsibility; Equity (law); Regression analysis; Equity risk; Return on equity; Equity capital markets; Population; Accounting; Economics; Cost of capital; Finance; Microeconomics; Public relations","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009831922,0.0001331911,0.0001367305,0.0008275798,0.000384525,0.001100597,0.0001746807,0.0002084732,0.001577442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004868194,0.00005606652,0.0001456051,0.0009432,0.0003732042,0.0006439163,0.0005747377,0.0003900217,0.000090562],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001026799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005978053,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008141842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01258538,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999189,0.0002331295,0.00005308321,0.00005004678,0.0003466713,0.0001281766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9883409,0.002825616,0.007193908,0.0003270512,0.0007869132,0.0005256577],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004855253,0.0001479987,0.987934,0.00001481839,0.00003897148,0.0002013589,0.0006050801,0.0004176727,0.000217692,0.0006104571,0.0002640786,0.009499237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001232396,0.00004331059,0.9975711,0.000008092064,0.00001084791,0.00009973482,0.0009054812,0.0005815284,0.0001136993,0.0001626989,0.0004978112,0.000004494764],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983122,0.0001070459,0.00002970003,0.00009497477,0.000001383231,0.000001984523,0.00004687226,9.83322e-7,0.001404927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997446,0.00003990153,0.00001206973,0.000004682774,0.000002651615,0.000001036895,0.00003727881,2.093181e-7,0.0001575231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008141842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01618892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2466923680905125,"score_gpt":0.3641221294563639,"score_spread":0.1174297613658513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}