{"id":"W3156893609","doi":"10.1111/oik.08443","title":"Facilitation promotes plant invasions and indirect negative interactions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Oikos","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; York University","funders":"","keywords":"Facilitation; Ecology; Shrub; Plant community; Biology; Foundation species; Grassland; Introduced species; Biodiversity; Species richness","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008108948,0.0004276628,0.0002700859,0.0005532641,0.0009977448,0.0009423332,0.0002782123,0.0004126177,0.005546791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001824014,0.0001855082,0.0002159579,0.0001853554,0.001076255,0.0006407538,0.001756832,0.0005373727,0.0003701543],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004345539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004440353,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001637607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007520665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994289,0.0001896818,0.00001859838,0.0001073465,0.0001380275,0.0001173589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978264,0.0007927165,0.0006120832,0.000169894,0.0001497669,0.0004490396],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000794312,0.0007130224,0.582607,0.001210494,0.0005962601,0.002981687,0.005026755,0.003680664,0.2462059,0.03727255,0.003458399,0.115453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005867035,0.0005644117,0.947991,0.0001296519,0.0002199055,0.002098296,0.002517374,0.004235107,0.008610404,0.01658156,0.01693053,0.00006315943],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9658661,0.0008192649,0.001851024,0.0002635691,0.00002152661,0.00001736634,0.00005339291,0.00004220509,0.03106556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998298,0.0001414433,0.0005005554,0.00004531228,0.00001144774,0.00000876113,0.00001574772,0.000005028743,0.0009738716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005546791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01855582,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02390674315089456,"score_gpt":0.2479244457167631,"score_spread":0.2240177025658685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}