{"id":"W3157263397","doi":"10.1080/09645292.2021.1918641","title":"Education, smoking and health: evidence from Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education Economics","topic":"Health disparities and outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Compulsory education; Demography; Educational attainment; Sociology; Economics; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002736852,0.0000451159,0.00009142251,0.00001576122,0.0004088694,0.00009647926,0.00007269313,0.0000301756,0.0003262983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000275193,0.00005771551,0.00001094725,0.00005697394,0.00002753399,0.0001998638,0.00001516786,0.00005529017,0.000004007923],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008342514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05472995,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9776727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9820885,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993722,0.00006689373,0.0001843684,0.0001571494,0.00004778046,0.0001715455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993037,0.0001881292,0.00008863882,0.0001207865,0.00007992087,0.0002188409],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[7.184114e-7,0.00003689488,0.6915329,0.00003911058,0.000007495117,8.825338e-8,0.009430834,0.000005351416,1.58303e-7,0.04161289,0.1283859,0.1289477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001981726,0.000001044397,0.4903458,0.00006079115,0.000002230473,3.805746e-7,0.02199006,0.000004505158,0.00000757023,0.002095225,0.4854121,0.00006048223],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7379952,0.008155858,0.000006805217,0.2444432,0.00402075,0.00009095876,0.000008878222,0.000009921231,0.005268445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9418897,0.006407981,0.0008326404,0.0461865,0.001044621,0.00001995742,0.00002907737,0.000006517658,0.003583001],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3570262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9506289,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06303179503320884,"score_gpt":0.3679679185722999,"score_spread":0.3049361235390911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}