{"id":"W3157472232","doi":"10.1007/s11069-021-05106-9","title":"A universal severity classification for natural disasters","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Hazards","topic":"Disaster Management and Resilience","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Calgary; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; Alberta Motor Association Foundation for Traffic Safety; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Natural hazard; Natural disaster; Stakeholder; Computer security; Business; Computer science; Risk analysis (engineering); Environmental resource management; Geography; Political science; Environmental science; Public relations; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002003623,0.0000854435,0.00009899324,0.00003837744,0.0003587402,0.0001296756,0.0002398878,0.00006622377,0.00006913266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000179191,0.00007804061,0.0001013699,0.0003094166,0.0001948911,0.0003998308,0.00005845298,0.0001270651,0.00002080599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001306408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001689004,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009259242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001319883,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989414,0.00008657916,0.0001035963,0.0002512991,0.0003364602,0.0002807242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995024,0.0000741572,0.00004914487,0.0001380554,0.0001708633,0.00006541835],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002533787,0.0002241235,0.002993395,0.0001285646,0.000139254,0.00004344654,0.03017686,0.00001317991,0.005370139,0.3637042,0.07346537,0.5234881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001173005,0.00003983434,0.03471938,0.00005416621,0.00007798655,0.000002512206,0.07562408,0.006094435,0.0006240943,0.003526358,0.877504,0.0005601507],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8612632,0.0009921748,0.0008079379,0.02133058,0.006247453,0.0007354711,0.00003140609,0.0002488917,0.1083429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9622493,0.00003407275,0.0006408369,0.0002987979,0.0002409466,0.000008182879,0.00004229659,0.000005927892,0.03647963],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8040386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3182404,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01993543372979874,"score_gpt":0.3131711728500828,"score_spread":0.2932357391202841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}