{"id":"W3158905218","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100020","title":"A systematic review of pharmaceutical price mark-up practice and its implementation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Margin (machine learning); Control (management); Value (mathematics); Pharmaceutical industry; Systematic review; Business; Economics; MEDLINE; Medicine; Political science; Management; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0130562,0.00155551,0.006611161,0.01266335,0.0008382565,0.003184323,0.002133978,0.002042785,0.00447839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06192036,0.001006721,0.005465719,0.01507223,0.001033095,0.003119437,0.00170145,0.001145078,0.0004518154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005198864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02268685,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008345631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02738537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9856929,0.005356569,0.005115316,0.0008795392,0.002634784,0.0003209836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9611437,0.02837645,0.005643389,0.0007169484,0.003805406,0.0003140164],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009648709,0.00001136437,0.0003690874,0.9641932,0.003409486,0.00007088452,0.0002195637,0.00008069528,0.0001458135,0.0004145746,0.001294858,0.02969403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001355779,0.0001491799,0.002095085,0.9461652,0.02847825,0.0002252502,0.0003099854,0.00006480017,0.0002178134,0.0003041509,0.02182769,0.00002690246],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001566218,0.9953159,0.0004555586,0.0003468002,0.0001678011,0.0008508314,0.000661951,0.00001431429,0.0006205342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01505728,0.9812101,0.001392323,0.0004422881,0.00006332243,0.001250994,0.0003741606,0.000007985975,0.0002015921],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0130562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06904864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6866369439326083,"score_gpt":0.6337531141768776,"score_spread":0.05288382975573069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}