{"id":"W3159826815","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01656","title":"Biochar Surface Functionality Plays a Vital Role in (Im)Mobilization and Phytoavailability of Soil Vanadium","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Korea University; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Biochar; Chemistry; Soil water; Environmental chemistry; Vanadium; Fractionation; Cation-exchange capacity; Dissolved organic carbon; Charcoal; Soil pH; Solubility; Agronomy; Pyrolysis; Environmental science; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002047796,0.0002450765,0.0002953918,0.00002685275,0.00006949783,0.00003945664,0.0001399208,0.0002476264,0.0007726848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004787566,0.0003157644,0.00006897126,0.0003487251,0.00006642592,0.0001725327,0.0001345637,0.0002677191,0.000001555699],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003486835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002892149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000176251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001322385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984208,0.000007433148,0.0004099389,0.0004879575,0.0002215732,0.0004523038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988903,0.0001002265,0.00009977679,0.0004016048,0.0003552291,0.0001528472],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001475612,0.0001015375,0.007888756,0.002811491,0.00003367038,0.00005083651,0.0001362886,0.02102352,0.9676345,0.0002338074,0.0000332519,0.00003756955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005276551,0.000002960088,0.0005968728,0.00007677604,0.00001863665,0.00003675612,0.002462429,0.00202974,0.9926594,0.0002910264,0.001018847,0.0002788474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942095,0.001375411,0.0001774937,0.0000696203,0.00002436968,0.00004801572,0.00004974679,0.00007143505,0.003974424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997066,0.00005508198,0.0001253068,0.0000086564,0.00008377217,0.00001751838,0.0002060851,0.00003153451,0.002406054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02502493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999294,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004093914016948138,"score_gpt":0.1820503066217576,"score_spread":0.1779563926048094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}