{"id":"W3161371895","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2021.638039","title":"The Ghost of the Hawk: Top Predator Shaping Bird Communities in Space and Time","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"European Research Council; Norges Forskningsråd; Maj ja Tor Nesslingin Säätiö; Suomen Kulttuurirahasto; Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica; Svenska Kulturfonden; Academy of Finland","keywords":"Ecology; Keystone species; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Accipiter; Local extinction; Biodiversity; Predation; Predator; Apex predator; Biology; Spatial distribution; Geography; Species distribution; Ecosystem; Habitat; Biological dispersal; Population; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003072265,0.0000450732,0.00009006392,0.00001963987,0.0002757038,0.000004401521,0.00006989581,0.00006996173,0.0000157922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000917252,0.00003282034,0.0000105371,0.0001064169,0.0006802928,0.0000667557,0.0001910579,0.0001211867,0.000003050557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007943523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001091352,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001764217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02275397,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994688,0.0001906063,0.0001098011,0.00008047113,0.00003210346,0.0001182277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997101,0.0001408298,0.00004484904,0.00008902017,0.000005855815,0.000009390107],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001105939,0.00001587137,0.9963691,0.000004090464,0.000007317853,5.548763e-7,0.001146476,0.0003600627,0.00004575326,0.001189186,0.0005837093,0.0002668525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001774371,0.00001741883,0.9752244,0.000008783888,0.000005186504,0.000003423158,0.002281481,0.01113471,0.0000132896,0.01089196,0.0002073193,0.00003460777],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958894,0.00119922,0.00009174032,0.001320047,0.0002559199,0.00008429883,0.000001691918,0.000004518679,0.001153111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984486,0.0006737767,0.0003959743,0.00008096438,0.000003595554,0.00001051424,9.7164e-7,0.000002366071,0.0003832684],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02257755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9950782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005608990163532585,"score_gpt":0.1959707575969136,"score_spread":0.190361767433381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}