{"id":"W3161575169","doi":"10.1038/s41586-021-03462-x","title":"Ubiquitous atmospheric production of organic acids mediated by cloud droplets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Eurostars; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; University of Toronto; National Science Foundation; Nova Scotia Research Innovation Trust; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie; Université de La Réunion; Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales; Office of Polar Programs; Services Fédéraux des Affaires Scientifiques, Techniques et Culturelles; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université de Liège; FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Universität Bremen; Forschungszentrum Jülich; National Center for Atmospheric Research","keywords":"Formic acid; Chemistry; Formaldehyde; Atmospheric chemistry; Aerosol; Carbon dioxide; Environmental chemistry; Flux (metallurgy); Nucleation; Organic chemistry; Ozone","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001338808,0.0003824516,0.0002369213,0.0003748898,0.0004257468,0.0004428892,0.0003934313,0.0002731989,0.001443407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002275136,0.0001662555,0.0001984909,0.0003194907,0.0002380496,0.0003801809,0.0006095765,0.0002188706,0.0003462577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004617201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001761828,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002268183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001442536,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998071,0.000009807115,0.000006398467,0.0000819761,0.00004674182,0.00004800247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998069,0.00002890349,0.0000632483,0.00002982514,0.00002540959,0.0000457278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003320955,0.00004424803,0.06494841,0.0001506096,0.00005951959,0.0005409421,0.00003895376,0.0008128047,0.9240131,0.0008736936,0.0004740928,0.007711517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008922158,0.000481852,0.2985864,0.00003112146,0.0000883557,0.00101685,0.0001751268,0.01511103,0.6718865,0.002339634,0.01015579,0.00003806515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843984,0.002902155,0.006064678,0.0000883908,0.00006925069,0.0000804571,0.001660762,0.0002268952,0.004508997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981311,0.0002793727,0.0009156041,0.00002909267,0.00001733664,0.000009463068,0.0004145617,0.00000785409,0.0001956296],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002268183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004828691,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003902472849128167,"score_gpt":0.1925563816899764,"score_spread":0.1886539088408482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}