{"id":"W3162207768","doi":"10.1109/tps.2021.3076806","title":"Density–Temperature Constraint From Fixed-Bias Spherical Langmuir Probes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Langmuir probe; Constraint (computer-aided design); Electron temperature; Plasma; Multivariate statistics; Computational physics; Plasma diagnostics; Function (biology); Root mean square; Electron density; Square root; Materials science; Probability density function; Mean squared error; Langmuir; Simple (philosophy); Temperature measurement; Statistical physics; Physics; Statistics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001245674,0.0002103658,0.0002001392,0.00007397454,0.000336785,0.0001902141,0.0002579039,0.00014124,0.0005256935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001965773,0.0002005137,0.00008582239,0.0008009066,0.0002737713,0.000316935,0.000002128091,0.0005529507,0.0003215884],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001345846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002401595,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002938357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004107842,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985328,0.00003212279,0.0001951567,0.0004286132,0.0003999751,0.0004112834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991691,0.0001706855,0.00001962368,0.0003424285,0.00008606163,0.0002121192],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001404871,0.00009469588,0.00003298074,0.00001433267,0.00002923146,0.0001244437,0.0003096678,0.06384128,0.9324317,0.0001285245,0.0003524098,0.002626672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002336163,0.00003819127,0.0002931641,0.00004348329,0.00001906557,0.00007640859,0.0001585049,0.01838842,0.9796442,0.0000857546,0.0007787144,0.0002404618],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9593936,0.00002120338,0.0354672,0.0001922766,0.001777522,0.0001050015,0.0001259573,0.0003524503,0.002564749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926268,0.00003705049,0.006751419,0.0001202748,0.00006247703,0.00001399828,0.000005816603,0.00001943812,0.0003627164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04721251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8176713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01488593825308763,"score_gpt":0.2214210409061526,"score_spread":0.206535102653065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}