{"id":"W3164401069","doi":"10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07144","title":"Social media and COVID-19 misinformation: how ignorant Facebook users are?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heliyon","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Social media; Ignorance; Internet privacy; Psychology; Pandemic; Harm; Distrust; Social psychology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Political science; Computer science; Medicine; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004431898,0.00008422262,0.0001254474,0.00006041027,0.0007209094,0.0003448069,0.00008535391,0.0001111093,0.001025227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001459256,0.00008343169,0.00004094424,0.0002095658,0.0001595702,0.0007134354,0.00003023155,0.00009020702,0.0001450615],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001168002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000532962,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002584156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001158411,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989657,0.0001051406,0.0001530582,0.0000951371,0.0004381029,0.000242861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992032,0.0001409118,0.000117048,0.00008269723,0.0001155036,0.0003406531],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003347598,0.00003330933,0.0008382078,0.0003816475,0.00002786966,0.00002524175,0.798037,0.00001292227,0.0001321048,0.04759468,0.1354898,0.01739375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006038198,0.000006466956,0.004526359,0.0000329198,0.000009675507,0.000006535747,0.1304843,0.00003058163,0.00027266,0.0004466772,0.8634099,0.0001700634],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2787498,0.001982042,0.003359482,0.2891883,0.00146938,0.001171967,0.0001248341,0.0006457278,0.4233085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9778594,0.002438505,0.000215215,0.01257147,0.0005452847,0.000006812975,0.00005083852,0.00001128102,0.006301204],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7279202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07236393715610592,"score_gpt":0.3357719105776628,"score_spread":0.2634079734215569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}