{"id":"W3164437051","doi":"10.1029/2020jg006237","title":"Winter Limnology: How do Hydrodynamics and Biogeochemistry Shape Ecosystems Under Ice?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; University of Toronto; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biogeochemistry; Ecology; Trophic level; Phytoplankton; Limnology; Microbial loop; Trophic cascade; Food web; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Abiotic component; Zooplankton; Plankton; Microbial food web; Climate change; Oceanography; Biology; Nutrient; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006344196,0.0001557481,0.0003378047,0.0004874216,0.000146644,0.001193235,0.0001664497,0.0001966951,0.000764087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009074619,0.00008823255,0.0001921449,0.0007455066,0.0005966895,0.0007330799,0.0003603153,0.0002789701,0.00009883517],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003554362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003930578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005427144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00582772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999202,0.0000290108,0.000007776427,0.00001974171,0.00001085801,0.00001241067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997365,0.0000821971,0.00007820954,0.00001291753,0.00004917851,0.00004098905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003217474,0.00004904062,0.5427837,0.002763687,0.0009653015,0.000381918,0.00178859,0.00649272,0.009857773,0.01764201,0.008255083,0.4086985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001048901,0.00007882756,0.9300053,0.0008130865,0.0002190878,0.0002364519,0.001449944,0.002990359,0.0007588356,0.01378131,0.04959624,0.00006014112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5802926,0.3889891,0.00434642,0.009064598,0.000446367,0.0000187035,0.001438266,0.00008264587,0.01532127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8491489,0.1470639,0.00107157,0.0009042249,0.0003745527,0.00001252839,0.000327587,0.00002169311,0.001075131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005427144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01079112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02729202175852845,"score_gpt":0.2796247182766666,"score_spread":0.2523326965181382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}