{"id":"W3164437051","doi":"10.1029/2020jg006237","title":"Winter Limnology: How do Hydrodynamics and Biogeochemistry Shape Ecosystems Under Ice?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences","topic":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; University of Toronto; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biogeochemistry; Ecology; Trophic level; Phytoplankton; Limnology; Microbial loop; Trophic cascade; Food web; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Abiotic component; Zooplankton; Plankton; Microbial food web; Climate change; Oceanography; Biology; Nutrient; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001535645,0.0001582525,0.000328644,0.0001836625,0.0004064115,0.0004142916,0.0005427527,0.0001224212,0.0004040847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000626851,0.0001101339,0.0001399341,0.0008137249,0.001126522,0.0005238708,0.0001133093,0.0007117504,0.00003844452],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002008605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004879194,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000726676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006230616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972397,0.0002594095,0.0003207485,0.000364533,0.001177708,0.0006379212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977879,0.00085956,0.0001881026,0.0002027535,0.000567936,0.000393756],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001119804,0.0001621055,0.9550272,0.0001108256,0.0001103083,0.0005523412,0.000373904,0.00002131661,0.007924037,0.0009988522,0.0007627093,0.03384439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008214052,0.001482112,0.8826204,0.0003307012,0.00005716223,0.00176339,0.01303769,0.0646442,0.001314362,0.02554456,0.007843819,0.0005402086],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912204,0.0007531405,0.00009748266,0.006389922,0.0003852357,0.00005474748,0.00005781924,0.000007698278,0.001033542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975305,0.000899875,0.0005596281,0.0001233351,0.0004194535,3.202857e-7,0.00001391648,0.000003817513,0.0004491745],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07240684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.449113,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02729202175852845,"score_gpt":0.2796247182766666,"score_spread":0.2523326965181382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}