{"id":"W3165068300","doi":"10.1177/10497323211015960","title":"What Are Data?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Qualitative Health Research","topic":"Data Quality and Management","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1422172,0.0001193155,0.000424463,0.0004274212,0.0007614611,0.00172508,0.0025192,0.00005690195,0.001715122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0478898,0.00009544252,0.00005300952,0.002979301,0.0004270542,0.002488876,0.003086603,0.0006196986,0.005357231],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001628849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001136127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003821591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002166034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9624318,0.02756983,0.001126064,0.001433923,0.00644641,0.0009920128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9683756,0.02322186,0.0003440705,0.00452604,0.002922866,0.0006095525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002550939,0.0001640515,0.00004169485,0.00008240458,0.00001771658,0.00004560033,0.03418456,0.000001393224,0.000004912747,0.09785599,0.7417921,0.1257841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001468511,0.00005576532,0.0007324096,0.00006273072,5.662454e-7,0.000001202132,0.3809794,0.000085561,0.00001919384,0.09282988,0.5250244,0.00006200698],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.01379188,0.01662431,0.0246326,0.9193183,0.002886524,0.001437848,0.001887028,0.0001236268,0.01929794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3345096,0.02882721,0.04662206,0.1072871,0.002104753,0.0004812102,0.005429524,0.00018235,0.4745562],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8120311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9756802608194425,"score_gpt":0.7995023206113255,"score_spread":0.1761779402081169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}