{"id":"W3165523341","doi":"10.1111/wre.12480","title":"The critical period for weed seed control: A proposed framework to limit weed seed return","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Weed Research","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Lethbridge","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Western Grains Research Foundation","keywords":"Weed; Weed control; Limiting; Agronomy; Biology; Phenology; Growing season; Limit (mathematics); Mathematics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001953022,0.0002228616,0.0003657292,0.0000333422,0.002291452,0.0007086175,0.0008482095,0.000302335,0.0002945557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004866205,0.00008440684,0.0002493904,0.001233825,0.0003675775,0.00008837866,0.0002330935,0.0008196014,0.000267446],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008392603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001459801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001595962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002044515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962392,0.0005391674,0.0004242365,0.0007095733,0.0008550621,0.001232734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991583,0.006042478,0.00004753769,0.0003260496,0.001527054,0.0004739169],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004533834,0.000156635,0.000169687,0.00001414339,0.00004694411,0.0000106157,0.0001653064,0.00000160664,0.9611618,0.02490588,0.002049703,0.01086431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001901652,0.002060073,0.3336978,0.0001460721,0.00008245744,0.00002886345,0.005784057,0.001928418,0.01185097,0.06135992,0.5804157,0.0007440541],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3749835,0.001494769,0.001008188,0.60712,0.000438734,0.008409154,0.0002958858,0.0003374115,0.005912312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875768,0.000004441315,0.0009053755,0.001305164,0.001149897,0.003262265,0.00004673527,0.000006749995,0.005742618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9493108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990074,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06226044650901139,"score_gpt":0.3577737633610263,"score_spread":0.2955133168520149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}