{"id":"W3167789928","doi":"10.31223/x5762d","title":"Turbulent flow effects in hydraulic fracture propagation in permeable rock","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","keywords":"Laminar flow; Mechanics; Turbulence; Fluid dynamics; Geology; Fracture (geology); Hydraulic fracturing; Geotechnical engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000198618,0.000528625,0.000448965,0.0005399892,0.0005199946,0.0008909671,0.0005034716,0.0009651704,0.001060517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006909977,0.0002852537,0.0006331507,0.0003307438,0.001000893,0.000594981,0.0006273435,0.0004915105,0.0001141102],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008974549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006508007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01175704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004732916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998974,0.00002244847,0.000005529642,0.00001880981,0.00002884134,0.00002700535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998368,0.00006655719,0.00004878561,0.000007083783,0.00002436188,0.00001650402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005636916,0.00004665646,0.001864497,0.00005323378,0.0000143527,0.0004962235,0.00008812102,0.9619173,0.01790972,0.01409194,0.0001465487,0.003314927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001082744,0.00002189165,0.0004740959,0.000005235403,0.000004916289,0.00005203341,0.00002621107,0.9966897,0.00114578,0.001325811,0.0002330715,0.00001040267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7750389,0.001246805,0.2048139,0.0005546032,0.000115384,0.0000892116,0.0002004289,0.0003388806,0.01760193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902029,0.0003279068,0.005298364,0.00004098196,0.00001424733,0.000032919,0.00004875006,0.0000423019,0.003991518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01175704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02337724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005474755527452773,"score_gpt":0.2072523528217396,"score_spread":0.2017775972942868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}