{"id":"W3169917541","doi":"10.18331/brj2021.8.2.3","title":"Effects of particle size of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the combustion behavior and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine powered by biodiesel/diesel blend","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biofuel Research Journal","topic":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Diesel engine; NOx; Diesel fuel; Cerium oxide; Biodiesel; Diesel particulate filter; Combustion; Materials science; Exhaust gas recirculation; Diesel exhaust; Thermal efficiency; Exhaust gas; Soot; Waste management; Brake specific fuel consumption; Nanoparticle; Automotive engineering; Environmental science; Oxide; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Catalysis; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000916968,0.0001198807,0.0002260994,0.00008267151,0.0002185766,0.00003533885,0.0001711969,0.00007233409,0.0001004556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001320423,0.00008767889,0.0000689753,0.0005382225,0.000417088,0.00008300417,0.0000831047,0.0004276896,0.000004450861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003792786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006245694,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001385117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000303572,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984367,0.0002179767,0.0003993837,0.0001534003,0.000472305,0.0003201613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980994,0.0008766645,0.00008510063,0.0002677393,0.0005014592,0.0001695935],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004824347,0.0003251281,0.0009612987,0.0002466228,0.00005918932,0.000004474058,0.0002815249,0.00002738417,0.9917307,0.0002940081,0.004251292,0.001770135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004900689,0.0001332135,0.01407321,0.0001242938,0.00003098447,0.00002269253,0.0009660162,0.0002945803,0.9823288,0.0001962304,0.001258837,0.0000810853],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993436,0.004389442,0.00005370479,0.001615127,0.00007443059,0.0002661066,0.00005833195,0.00002199301,0.00008487298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961287,0.003242345,0.0003182451,0.000009357896,0.00003513064,0.00004759743,0.00000242347,0.00001586984,0.0002002667],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01311191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3575442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03416429914609279,"score_gpt":0.2977120559358039,"score_spread":0.2635477567897111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}