{"id":"W3170629259","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00785","title":"Metals Recovery from Seawater Desalination Brines: Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainability; Desalination; Resource recovery; Brine; Seawater; Environmental science; Resource (disambiguation); Waste management; Natural resource economics; Environmental planning; Business; Environmental resource management; Environmental engineering; Wastewater; Engineering; Oceanography; Geology; Ecology; Computer science; Economics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001365031,0.0006989035,0.0006147469,0.0008883304,0.000951837,0.00314254,0.0006973313,0.001737421,0.001767061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005378835,0.0004348475,0.0005214345,0.0008895895,0.001480595,0.004634473,0.001916334,0.002050829,0.001080343],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001301166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001282776,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001291854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994249,0.00008463293,0.00004034446,0.00008408299,0.0002516186,0.0001143733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997839,0.00007489398,0.00003972892,0.00001144671,0.00007046873,0.00001957283],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002134478,0.0003580641,0.003656225,0.01327648,0.00007875735,0.001694563,0.001244233,0.01124957,0.2214884,0.1300521,0.01450268,0.6021854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002730371,0.0008538903,0.001896622,0.002340233,0.00008102239,0.002520693,0.004587835,0.0129376,0.2229621,0.07989393,0.6717525,0.0001464815],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0962479,0.77936,0.04372532,0.03992797,0.001211096,0.0001136747,0.0002153097,0.0002390078,0.03895965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2061877,0.7588844,0.02066118,0.001519359,0.0008644538,0.0001000769,0.0001668344,0.00004890593,0.01156716],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00314254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00944066,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02433439551261418,"score_gpt":0.2065121677314747,"score_spread":0.1821777722188606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}