{"id":"W3171961774","doi":"10.3386/w28866","title":"Common Agent or Double Agent? Pharmacy Benefit Managers in the Prescription Drug Market","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Pharmacy; Medical prescription; Business; Drug; Prescription drug; Pharmacology; Medicine; Family medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002455522,0.000443254,0.001208775,0.0006568616,0.002045523,0.005931612,0.00110898,0.004458434,0.02384729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007230371,0.0005401853,0.0007348281,0.0008021455,0.00331789,0.009536006,0.002411847,0.00285873,0.001391905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002997222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002512554,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007064769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008120394,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981944,0.0005645372,0.00004304367,0.0003671059,0.0002696585,0.0005612388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996322,0.001357732,0.001026277,0.0002406992,0.0002076543,0.0008456145],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002179322,0.00032386,0.007148944,0.00007870073,0.00003768522,0.0005262629,0.0004248768,0.01830896,0.0005849074,0.942782,0.01054444,0.01902141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007518499,0.0003718973,0.01030542,0.0001583135,0.0001385234,0.0004743703,0.002230011,0.1532936,0.0008843838,0.782093,0.04917324,0.0001253106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6158074,0.002892826,0.07071503,0.05508276,0.0003750322,0.0003484735,0.0006808997,0.0002253767,0.2538722],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9751947,0.0004630116,0.00277634,0.0009158864,0.0001848583,0.0000531038,0.00004072545,0.00001379797,0.02035765],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02384729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07977712,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4627230071594318,"score_gpt":0.5027236993859804,"score_spread":0.04000069222654862,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}