{"id":"W3172159521","doi":"10.1186/s13195-021-00852-1","title":"GPS driving: a digital biomarker for preclinical Alzheimer disease","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alzheimer s Research & Therapy","topic":"Older Adults Driving Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute on Aging; BrightFocus Foundation; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Medicine; Biomarker; Dementia; Neurology; Receiver operating characteristic; Disease; Oncology; Internal medicine; Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.002547215,0.0003874961,0.0005852141,0.0002334967,0.002104143,0.000163552,0.0006877512,0.0002756118,0.001158718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003399993,0.0003206495,0.0003907391,0.000786474,0.0005599881,0.0004618005,0.0007408723,0.001270387,0.001016604],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007384457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001557207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005091483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001703107,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931268,0.00164498,0.0008978925,0.001135349,0.001207017,0.001987968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9873718,0.008392801,0.0001516876,0.00134715,0.001965291,0.0007712754],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001021427,0.001497899,0.4856838,0.00008860697,0.006226891,0.0001174132,0.004136665,0.00000144173,0.0007251799,0.001243854,0.3382736,0.1609832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003334805,0.0002526107,0.2792709,0.0002830187,0.0001904703,0.000002081282,0.001348761,0.0001964332,0.0003405761,0.004574275,0.7097185,0.0004875313],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5311801,0.2569197,0.001467364,0.1443991,0.006719012,0.02245936,0.00116354,0.001798812,0.03389294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846468,0.003015968,0.0006190469,0.001500795,0.001195284,0.002757438,0.000164513,0.0001938701,0.005906267],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4534667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4515470179885745,"score_gpt":0.5642669874717421,"score_spread":0.1127199694831676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}