{"id":"W3172195905","doi":"10.1109/access.2021.3087136","title":"Intelligent Radio Signal Processing: A Survey","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; Iran Telecommunication Research Center; National Research Foundation of Korea; Pusan National University; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Signal processing; Wireless; SIGNAL (programming language); Telecommunications; Radar","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003709809,0.000118235,0.0001406654,0.00008654721,0.0001185819,0.0007847599,0.001137206,0.0000603932,0.00006098118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005379063,0.0001185579,0.00004278516,0.0009683259,0.0000319638,0.001175404,0.000156838,0.0001188602,0.00008220049],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007295283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003160734,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004687598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006879342,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984807,0.0001955106,0.0002724241,0.0004687409,0.0003696207,0.0002129622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986974,0.0001468975,0.0001321736,0.000459853,0.0004649558,0.00009871522],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002996195,0.000630576,0.06609847,0.0001286275,0.00006282277,0.0001369993,0.001270869,0.014816,0.03310732,0.01497104,0.008507062,0.8602403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002744977,0.00002589284,0.2700592,0.00005438476,0.000006824476,0.00003602421,0.00001272711,0.4877709,0.2343643,0.004147287,0.002832423,0.0004156169],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03981164,0.0001703145,0.95812,0.0006702764,0.0003700506,0.00009273052,0.000002493121,0.0001544315,0.0006080154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995541,0.000009473011,0.003686138,0.0002782289,0.0001143478,0.0000208897,0.00001410815,0.00001113019,0.0003246642],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9557294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7567458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1080643848301815,"score_gpt":0.3332445848352671,"score_spread":0.2251802000050857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}