{"id":"W3173427485","doi":"10.1016/j.jval.2021.04.1274","title":"Opioid Prescribing in United States Health Systems, 2015 to 2019","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Value in Health","topic":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; Women's College Hospital; St. Michael's Hospital","funders":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","keywords":"Oxycodone; Hydrocodone; Fentanyl; Medicine; Opioid; Medical prescription; Pharmacy; Health care; Emergency medicine; Family medicine; Anesthesia; Pharmacology; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009158489,0.0002096479,0.0002772797,0.00164005,0.0005959237,0.001614394,0.0005846254,0.0007751063,0.002931927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007068396,0.0002512436,0.001021232,0.003229441,0.0002617527,0.001275789,0.001213281,0.00174519,0.0004153475],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005532394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005787167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1842792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3934371,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985446,0.0001799354,0.0003186626,0.0001548813,0.0004897639,0.0003122605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953966,0.0005346186,0.002369269,0.00007629181,0.001006597,0.0006166582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003386964,0.000176196,0.8713432,0.000866823,0.0005289223,0.0002499729,0.0005645322,0.001487589,0.0002887676,0.002225932,0.07392013,0.04800921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002694919,0.00006293226,0.9682778,0.0005845311,0.0001016485,0.000226029,0.0009071684,0.001105481,0.0002093196,0.0002814785,0.02820083,0.0000157801],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.738981,0.02532376,0.001177888,0.03298029,0.002114701,0.0001833798,0.1619378,0.0002650975,0.03703615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9414597,0.007239305,0.0008353283,0.006411783,0.0006982199,0.0001184671,0.03577578,0.00003236313,0.007429122],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1842792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3664132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04718630774174696,"score_gpt":0.3448121681259759,"score_spread":0.2976258603842289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}