{"id":"W3173551452","doi":"10.1108/jhti-01-2021-0012","title":"Modification and validation of the travel safety attitude scale (TSAS) in international tourism: a reflective-formative approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Saint Vincent University; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Formative assessment; Scale (ratio); Tourism; Originality; Psychology; Structural equation modeling; Applied psychology; Reliability (semiconductor); Validity; Content validity; Safety culture; Predictive validity; Social psychology; Computer science; Psychometrics; Clinical psychology; Geography; Mathematics education","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001108333,0.00008611601,0.0002213017,0.0001424058,0.0002349827,0.00009953572,0.0002635036,0.0001020413,0.00002022341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003162381,0.00006465413,0.00008036006,0.0002989886,0.0003153876,0.0008188367,0.0001086494,0.0003094621,5.049087e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001331386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002370727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005236395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001718307,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981101,0.0004322298,0.0004338824,0.0001488873,0.0007314623,0.0001435084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987955,0.0001136704,0.0003833717,0.0001218416,0.0004976175,0.00008798475],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00126873,0.006030462,0.1244301,0.0004405882,0.001214849,0.0006181415,0.6261239,0.0008200745,0.008421078,0.1838994,0.006686899,0.04004584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002425895,0.000204624,0.8245689,0.0002449365,0.00007405545,0.00004249846,0.07867799,0.0005016038,0.01627759,0.07449818,0.00218682,0.0002969344],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9667767,0.0004361652,0.0004423934,0.004104238,0.0002743763,0.0001664401,0.000006767928,0.000003224789,0.02778973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975123,0.000953795,0.001008227,0.00003600356,0.0001887286,0.000002031666,0.000002263084,0.000004298646,0.0002923728],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7001388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2636519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02965038555253154,"score_gpt":0.3195520611697249,"score_spread":0.2899016756171934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}