{"id":"W3175309170","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-9917-7_191","title":"Bowen, Ira Sprague","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002201065,0.0008176854,0.0004626203,0.001369566,0.00216067,0.002446596,0.0006723544,0.0006425128,0.3746488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007666302,0.0003641458,0.0002528978,0.001007295,0.0004412075,0.002044381,0.001868704,0.001711329,0.2640434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007282412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008273787,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00569105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02250204,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998535,0.00001022857,0.000003609256,0.00004604514,0.00006833477,0.0000183889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998515,0.00002010349,0.000006782849,0.00001700531,0.00006787039,0.00003679963],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001879833,0.00001765312,0.000112918,0.00005347124,0.00000215523,0.00006233175,0.000180696,0.00007446209,0.0004024523,0.008565771,0.8033479,0.1871614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[8.954059e-7,0.000002801937,0.0001122798,0.00001944255,9.32285e-7,0.00003009122,0.00006028867,0.0000199714,0.00006300713,0.0007501601,0.9989387,0.000001432426],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008986006,0.01075051,0.001968757,0.002811263,0.002982403,0.00003928371,0.0005069494,0.0009215971,0.9791205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008359122,0.001283623,0.0002907134,0.0002169508,0.000108072,0.000006042916,0.00008410182,0.0001344187,0.9970401],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3746488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8919876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005625148453107137,"score_gpt":0.1979163480715263,"score_spread":0.1922911996184191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}