{"id":"W3176374135","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.05.088","title":"A comprehensive review on hydrogen production from coal gasification: Challenges and Opportunities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":476,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Coal gasification; Waste management; Environmental science; Raw material; Exergy; Sustainability; Hydrogen; Coal; Energy carrier; Production (economics); tar (computing); Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Computer science; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001126014,0.0003466392,0.00108367,0.0002360542,0.00002067889,0.00002871071,0.0004948968,0.0001669186,0.0001604682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006484077,0.0002997158,0.0003405172,0.00006635363,0.00005743585,0.0001551785,0.00007922583,0.0002611103,0.00000990526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001596907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001302931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002432239,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.518015e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99812,0.000116664,0.0008277923,0.0002590258,0.0005468644,0.0001296698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998484,0.0001758376,0.0005341556,0.000216508,0.000463883,0.0001256011],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000661048,0.00003965805,3.91182e-8,0.004485937,0.00150253,0.0002214581,0.00003110737,0.00002417674,0.0002769941,0.0002824932,0.001309126,0.9918199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001026849,0.00002590581,1.35143e-7,0.03313747,0.0003873339,0.0008817232,0.00003337195,0.000004782893,0.004803418,0.0001086864,0.9602732,0.0002413065],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002558938,0.9978136,0.000006993388,0.0006173536,0.0008594739,0.00007362628,0.00005328152,0.00004019955,0.0002795806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005626889,0.9980922,0.00004328132,0.0001828492,0.000775873,0.00001898002,0.0001958792,0.00005507728,0.00007311077],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9915786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999455,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08594430674640381,"score_gpt":0.2914365454103816,"score_spread":0.2054922386639778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}