{"id":"W3177671876","doi":"10.3168/jds.2021-20342","title":"Perspectives of Western Canadian dairy farmers on providing outdoor access for dairy cows","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary; Dairy Farmers of Manitoba; Dairy Farmers of Canada; University of Calgary","keywords":"Business; Welfare; Dairy cattle; Agricultural science; Animal welfare; Profitability index; Udder; Lameness; Free access; Pasture; Agricultural economics; Geography; Socioeconomics; Medicine; Environmental science; Forestry; Biology; Economics; Finance; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001909066,0.000413129,0.0003626096,0.001119545,0.01829555,0.003287567,0.001047404,0.001010832,0.003808436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003279351,0.0003540427,0.0002768832,0.002693358,0.003844017,0.0007848413,0.001894885,0.001074303,0.0002485406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03944957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04715136,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9874632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9949545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976407,0.0005240884,0.00006304005,0.0001938588,0.0006060279,0.0009722972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961663,0.0008651805,0.0003112667,0.0000597509,0.001532806,0.001064693],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001372088,0.00004904359,0.06370583,0.0002467644,0.00001860391,0.002761374,0.9007518,0.0001841803,0.004345129,0.001427062,0.006750234,0.01962272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003943765,0.00002204448,0.02927693,0.00009405765,0.00001221289,0.0001260914,0.9510469,0.00006565042,0.0001807626,0.0001021788,0.01903892,0.00003017943],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750148,0.0009865417,0.0002072027,0.004254068,0.00004350437,0.00004772497,0.000270996,0.00001021181,0.01916511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887986,0.001554564,0.0004789524,0.001450904,0.00001085096,0.00004184289,0.0001134524,0.00001079977,0.007540054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03944957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.286228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09378000271736833,"score_gpt":0.3828334975674469,"score_spread":0.2890534948500786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}