{"id":"W3177967042","doi":"10.1002/pen.25741","title":"Open‐cell polyvinylidene fluoride foams as carriers to promote biofilm growth for biological wastewater treatment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Polymer Engineering and Science","topic":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Polyvinylidene fluoride; Biofilm; Biofouling; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Clogging; Membrane; Polymer; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000405281,0.000237581,0.0002871137,0.00009713163,0.0003839284,0.0005467276,0.0005552811,0.00006162625,0.00009140259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001227136,0.0001606811,0.00005502784,0.0003336225,0.0001652973,0.0002892168,0.000343725,0.0000439809,0.00003535332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005868946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001992934,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006104174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006472776,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982129,0.00002184388,0.0002204707,0.0007045412,0.0002072765,0.0006329363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991547,0.00005658194,0.00003434872,0.0003197939,0.00006669899,0.0003678212],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002733378,0.00003371958,0.00008089296,0.00001785946,0.000004948338,0.000006593322,0.0004855582,0.000005459709,0.992604,0.0004826704,0.00002380201,0.006227173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002321567,0.0003187107,0.00007071686,0.00003300697,0.00001387051,0.00003228689,0.0001258918,0.0007327783,0.995738,0.00002932826,0.002398899,0.0002743323],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861996,0.01105688,0.0002882985,0.001234236,0.0005556082,0.0002511064,0.00004850137,0.00007509838,0.0002906731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905575,0.0000797768,0.007276447,0.0001893739,0.00007724739,0.0001317215,0.000002715303,0.00001826065,0.001666953],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0109771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6552385,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02656000379598829,"score_gpt":0.2403078500105598,"score_spread":0.2137478462145715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}