{"id":"W3178504275","doi":"10.1680/jgeot.19.p.091","title":"Laboratory investigation of backfill erosion around rigid pipes with defective joints","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Geotechnical engineering; Internal erosion; Erosion; Infiltration (HVAC); Geology; Materials science; Levee; Composite material; Geomorphology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001140991,0.0001211398,0.0001548762,0.00006550447,0.00002346527,0.00001104964,0.00005692401,0.0001078647,0.00001174768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002426146,0.0001164692,0.00002885547,0.0002773246,0.00003734747,0.0001060087,0.00001674813,0.0001777943,0.000007283804],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006292872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004359238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001179508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002075759,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994541,0.00002511277,0.0001447632,0.0001330383,0.0001121711,0.0001307632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995601,0.00002981835,0.00002562797,0.0002211198,0.0001104551,0.00005285182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001156385,0.00001909348,0.00236479,0.0002601145,0.00004948159,0.00002374929,0.0003700329,0.02616576,0.967704,0.001016224,0.001244628,0.0007705804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001531514,0.00004533392,0.009700761,0.000196845,0.00001288872,0.00001191782,0.00003133305,0.00240684,0.9854752,0.0005658887,0.001220583,0.0001792986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8253168,0.0002098819,0.170991,0.00004124593,0.0001211001,0.0001626018,0.00004279188,0.0008064697,0.0023081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9832149,0.00006993547,0.01653701,0.00002567731,0.00003248281,0.00002649291,0.00002241594,0.00003295888,0.00003818847],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1578981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4749478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005395452842653034,"score_gpt":0.1776819824577247,"score_spread":0.1722865296150717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}