{"id":"W3178504275","doi":"10.1680/jgeot.19.p.091","title":"Laboratory investigation of backfill erosion around rigid pipes with defective joints","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Geotechnical engineering; Internal erosion; Erosion; Infiltration (HVAC); Geology; Materials science; Levee; Composite material; Geomorphology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004137083,0.0004644906,0.0003926584,0.0002028248,0.0002730732,0.0003110191,0.0004269107,0.0004833127,0.0007470477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005149117,0.0001647678,0.0003423871,0.0001813019,0.0004306037,0.000263355,0.0004445871,0.0003914088,0.0001430366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001488439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002134166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005841876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005258875,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997155,0.0000386426,0.00001279584,0.0000663631,0.00009705174,0.000069671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995894,0.0001114969,0.0001100165,0.00006924684,0.0000806433,0.00003917047],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004862015,0.0005519282,0.004337582,0.0001429877,0.0000177944,0.0006665526,0.0002259055,0.007769622,0.9822989,0.0001794474,0.00009819353,0.003224826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008063706,0.01153984,0.01229809,0.00001647353,0.00005116144,0.0004435417,0.0004330605,0.02432947,0.9497691,0.0001783216,0.0008284886,0.00003183926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9978567,0.00003367105,0.001766712,0.000008964304,0.000004979922,0.0000160817,0.00007151171,0.00003377796,0.0002075746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976376,0.00007837374,0.00179437,0.00000606812,0.000002737681,0.00002232685,0.00006029444,0.000004918126,0.0003932758],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007470477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002499163,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005395452842653034,"score_gpt":0.1776819824577247,"score_spread":0.1722865296150717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}