{"id":"W3178828533","doi":"10.1249/mss.0000000000002670","title":"Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use in Sports, Health, and Society","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","topic":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","field":"Medicine","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Steroid use; Anabolism; Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids; Anabolic steroid; Steroid; Testosterone (patch); Anabolic Agents; Medicine; Endocrinology; Internal medicine; Hormone","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001753162,0.0002307164,0.0008517418,0.0002731858,0.0001877224,0.00001539739,0.0001146595,0.00005452661,0.00006672389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003211629,0.0001648028,0.00006819526,0.001946499,0.0019047,0.0003003838,0.000155649,0.0003362299,0.000002009047],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001557735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008351081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006198803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001563664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967543,0.00002306723,0.0006119895,0.0009320924,0.001049871,0.0006286774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987005,0.00003247081,0.0001284829,0.0004819388,0.0002324444,0.000424178],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004791514,0.0001538997,0.9250742,0.0000906026,8.827171e-7,0.000778837,0.0122388,0.000002244583,0.0003677287,0.000007765618,0.0005025093,0.06073466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010965,0.0001270744,0.9819654,0.0008646198,0.00002519696,0.0002113585,0.01293017,0.00002979706,0.00006318869,0.0001578445,0.00237661,0.0001522349],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877035,0.00586672,0.000003875932,0.005099504,0.0003525359,0.0004401109,0.000001668109,0.00002954782,0.0005025117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9808065,0.01607463,0.0004963292,0.001266818,0.0001780603,0.00002047406,0.00000912363,0.00001431342,0.001133774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06058243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7017947,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02566766180655997,"score_gpt":0.3024481709900438,"score_spread":0.2767805091834838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}