{"id":"W3178944016","doi":"10.3389/frsen.2021.675846","title":"Unpiloted Aerial Vehicle Retrieval of Snow Depth Over Freshwater Lake Ice Using Structure From Motion","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Remote Sensing","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Michigan State University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Snow; Snowpack; Freeboard; Transect; Geology; Arctic; Firn; Physical geography; Environmental science; Geomorphology; Oceanography; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005974293,0.0003164369,0.000211631,0.0005055999,0.0001859699,0.0002144006,0.0001895986,0.000148343,0.000377349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000156039,0.0001216139,0.0001978949,0.0004409802,0.00007521126,0.0001801783,0.0001951057,0.0001087166,0.0001159521],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002079083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003920248,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02218455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04006965,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999511,0.000004610837,0.000002078111,0.00001422133,0.00001597475,0.00001208144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999615,0.000004379292,0.000007707742,0.000004107636,0.0000171391,0.000005049348],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006823114,0.0003483304,0.2087335,0.0002967537,0.0003272523,0.00100632,0.0008670873,0.244286,0.2820663,0.0006351301,0.003418494,0.2573326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005659954,0.0001565807,0.2225009,0.00002844145,0.00006064293,0.0001224757,0.000280648,0.7595702,0.01514151,0.0001734114,0.001883714,0.00002492277],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922373,0.0000998109,0.006206564,0.00002080024,0.00001623782,0.00001355015,0.0003898648,0.0001444443,0.0008715713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929116,0.00004405938,0.005935262,0.000008697379,0.000006354975,0.00001088116,0.0005962482,0.000006559055,0.0004802709],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02218455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04411083,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01874218506785968,"score_gpt":0.2195106535089886,"score_spread":0.2007684684411289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}