{"id":"W3181395974","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2021-0072","title":"Field study of group effects on the pullout capacity of “deep” helical piles in sand","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pile; Geotechnical engineering; Submarine pipeline; Ultimate tensile strength; Structural engineering; Engineering; Helix (gastropod); Penetration test; Group effect; Geology; Materials science; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004659622,0.0004226253,0.0003461267,0.0006145095,0.0004748495,0.0002028995,0.0003540819,0.0003213661,0.001427911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000925027,0.0002111807,0.0002550558,0.0002959548,0.0004915831,0.0003968159,0.0003704026,0.0003503825,0.0001985614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000331296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002101851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002743665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003346413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996423,0.00005568066,0.00001535056,0.00005949993,0.0001399231,0.000087291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980534,0.0009219641,0.0002205942,0.0001719689,0.0004235556,0.0002085083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001954523,0.0007061058,0.02023075,0.0001119653,0.00002284833,0.0004089664,0.0003807479,0.005335913,0.9576579,0.00007474687,0.0001147739,0.0130008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009468348,0.01530456,0.09606383,0.00001488438,0.0000518345,0.0002876972,0.0007237394,0.01236936,0.8741124,0.0001084882,0.0008250824,0.00004353553],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992429,0.000009826176,0.0004874706,0.000003252304,0.000001696952,0.00001148297,0.00002954156,0.00001651926,0.000197336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992374,0.00001152133,0.0004413947,0.000003763009,0.000001484762,0.000006816828,0.00003918252,0.000003398059,0.0002551174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002743665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005455375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009386244003042154,"score_gpt":0.1884695308204178,"score_spread":0.1790832868173757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}