{"id":"W3181583787","doi":"10.1007/s12134-021-00854-w","title":"Could Canada Abolish Birthright Citizenship?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Citizenship; Charter; Parliament; Law; Immigration; Political science; Legislation; Supreme court; Sociology; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003030499,0.0004027217,0.0004694848,0.000640061,0.0004718367,0.001164466,0.0005331824,0.0003708668,0.0013661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006127768,0.0003944433,0.0002787176,0.0005895043,0.0002525197,0.001859936,0.00004327551,0.0009158573,0.00001171727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001896808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004583081,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07008572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8350052,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946015,0.001544207,0.001635909,0.0004574605,0.001371968,0.0003889399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9915929,0.001168656,0.001334605,0.0002576534,0.005280343,0.0003657913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002667927,0.0003891518,0.01934118,0.00002641504,0.0002972626,0.00007809373,0.02263519,0.0008225686,0.02489025,0.8390282,0.08514449,0.007080447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002040257,0.0003172552,0.0465545,0.0007745317,0.0001255145,0.001065618,0.01917087,0.01673855,0.02728215,0.02479054,0.8602871,0.000853062],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6199284,0.001518676,0.2307712,0.06964144,0.004850127,0.0006134294,0.0002217737,0.0001603026,0.07229467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.965284,0.008532975,0.008373976,0.004737708,0.001917603,0.0000602237,0.0005523241,0.00004808367,0.01049313],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8142376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998724,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0134052789985107,"score_gpt":0.3001247800442693,"score_spread":0.2867195010457587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}