{"id":"W3181614690","doi":"10.1093/cid/ciab612","title":"Patient Access in 14 High-Income Countries to New Antibacterials Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, or Health Canada, 2010–2020","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Basilea Pharmaceutica; Shionogi; Norges Forskningsråd; Novo Holdings; Roivant Sciences; Meiji Seika Pharma; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; European Commission; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Medicine; Food and drug administration; Agency (philosophy); Drug; Administration (probate law); Antibiotics; Family medicine; Environmental health; Pharmacology; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001925033,0.0002620676,0.0003462914,0.00184509,0.0004325334,0.0009903884,0.0004221295,0.000533978,0.003373172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004846727,0.0002554498,0.0006712141,0.003636251,0.0006938858,0.0007987805,0.001227845,0.0005044403,0.0004119015],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009288865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001123442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01246874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01225214,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976166,0.000751841,0.0004871846,0.0004301881,0.0003085237,0.0004056114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9902601,0.002045139,0.006310267,0.0001905707,0.0005662821,0.0006277069],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007532977,0.00003460537,0.9978347,0.00003871507,0.0000455386,0.00004743505,0.00009324081,0.00007175257,0.00003325704,0.00004606947,0.0002796071,0.001399665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002157007,0.00009985509,0.997547,0.00005741457,0.00004056711,0.0002444742,0.0009367162,0.0003182702,0.00008489905,0.00003883879,0.0006018866,0.00000859468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947143,0.0004187509,0.0000851497,0.0001153916,0.000003306411,0.00002352863,0.003822767,0.00000452623,0.0008123054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976975,0.0001945838,0.0001471555,0.00007962639,0.000004208148,0.00004112245,0.001700531,0.000001650258,0.0001336867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01246874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02479231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0570680239702596,"score_gpt":0.369109309348835,"score_spread":0.3120412853785753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}