{"id":"W3182922677","doi":"","title":"Articles : American Early Schooling Influenced by Social Efficiency and Scientific Measurement Movement from the 1910s to the 1920s","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Early childhood education","topic":"Historical Education Studies Worldwide","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Movement (music); Sociology; Mathematics education; Psychology; Art; Aesthetics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001099469,0.0001381343,0.0001400335,0.00006666292,0.005552154,0.0003427023,0.000438708,0.0000295418,0.00003928006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009678969,0.00009986052,0.00005105929,0.001295057,0.0007713732,0.0002034669,0.00007005678,0.0001933543,0.0001448636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005173614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001237965,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03590782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002163238,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975171,0.0002891005,0.0002805479,0.0004009649,0.001120443,0.0003918551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988586,0.000150186,0.0001656636,0.0002908085,0.0003398236,0.0001949559],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004431217,0.0003493769,0.0379593,5.490875e-7,0.00002783486,7.521314e-8,0.8102226,0.000006180758,0.0004658041,0.0006651135,0.1109553,0.03934343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008726554,0.00002985374,0.8581738,0.00001171035,0.0000179097,1.039082e-7,0.02825259,5.393338e-7,0.00006200324,0.0003927245,0.1128356,0.0001358335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.952639,0.001131696,0.0001498563,0.04343466,0.00118509,0.0005934793,0.00000832671,0.0000527684,0.0008050678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995912,0.00003543052,0.0001742724,0.002328213,0.0008496754,0.000136028,0.000003661448,0.00001202069,0.0005487237],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8202145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957425,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01917333117930937,"score_gpt":0.270300993108932,"score_spread":0.2511276619296226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}