{"id":"W3183694624","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128370","title":"Mechanical side-deep fertilization mitigates ammonia volatilization and nitrogen runoff and increases profitability in rice production independent of fertilizer type and split ratio","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Fertilizer; Animal science; Agronomy; Chemistry; Nitrogen; Ammonia volatilization from urea; Environmental science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005366293,0.00009519919,0.0001839843,0.00003549836,0.00007431344,0.00004139697,0.00003306426,0.00007039591,0.00002012878],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009983201,0.00004866774,0.00002121688,0.0003234076,0.00004881357,0.0004314471,0.0000364309,0.0001105864,1.710886e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003196069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002320513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007591008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000378248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988328,0.0001525585,0.0004625228,0.0002441596,0.0002151702,0.0000927547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989249,0.00005009813,0.0002850199,0.0000474156,0.0006362927,0.00005630288],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002417977,0.0001900212,0.09849793,0.00006163193,0.00001450637,0.000001114001,0.00020529,0.00004278452,0.8701292,0.00005066972,0.00001741158,0.03054766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002501864,0.0002437199,0.7663404,0.00005484856,0.00002981925,0.00006648737,0.001204016,0.0003820464,0.2300267,0.00120814,0.0001075406,0.00008611948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971083,0.0006519402,0.00002294881,0.001815528,0.0001481126,0.000235222,0.000001077239,0.000007399061,0.000009440431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990606,0.0004168704,0.0002804285,0.00003666332,0.0001394378,0.000003012642,0.00001325059,0.000001483448,0.0000482947],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6678424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1984613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01893620223235352,"score_gpt":0.2327739855358035,"score_spread":0.2138377833034499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}