{"id":"W3185583478","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3896797","title":"Welfare versus Work Under a Negative Income Tax: Evidence from the Gary, Seattle, Denver and Manitoba Income Maintenance Experiments","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia Hospital; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Welfare; Economics; Work (physics); Labour economics; Income tax; Demographic economics; Public economics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007376233,0.0004887934,0.0008725513,0.0009049049,0.003777758,0.002010619,0.002161372,0.001622519,0.009856137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01466799,0.0003802586,0.0004109792,0.001268998,0.00500705,0.001244102,0.001546178,0.002261919,0.0008223068],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004163177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003859631,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2469058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4974993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968771,0.002197898,0.00006530748,0.0002073003,0.0002633913,0.0003890455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9693224,0.01957693,0.004824948,0.002690422,0.001209153,0.002376183],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.1047251,0.04745291,0.6797261,0.0005233447,0.002001136,0.001289495,0.03131734,0.002993886,0.008808187,0.03120297,0.02460412,0.06535546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005266101,0.007598195,0.9279098,0.000221245,0.001050259,0.0001338899,0.03618403,0.001614977,0.002561116,0.00461186,0.01275379,0.00009487627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942765,0.0001709719,0.00006077634,0.0005093555,0.00001151031,0.00003326523,0.0001292764,0.00000512367,0.004803338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929202,0.0003151698,0.0001437787,0.0004791699,0.00001215628,0.0001010316,0.0002977546,0.000009060108,0.00572162],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7530942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4909372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02587828680534995,"score_gpt":0.2878671748623964,"score_spread":0.2619888880570465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}