{"id":"W3186873588","doi":"10.3390/ma14164602","title":"Powder Reuse Cycles in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—Variation of Powder Characteristics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Materials science; Reuse; Angle of repose; Fusion; Porosity; Cathode ray; Metal powder; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Metal; Metallurgy; Waste management; Electron","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000217687,0.0002193393,0.0004447702,0.00009920353,0.00003645464,0.00009728116,0.0001679697,0.0001435147,0.002268903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001689869,0.000218385,0.00003519463,0.0001232276,0.00002310457,0.000154865,0.0001003247,0.0000707074,0.0000478969],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005476192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000366635,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004649098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001132061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986946,0.00007213912,0.0005431887,0.0002275539,0.0001563874,0.0003061323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999347,0.00006154826,0.0001170998,0.000339776,0.00009222283,0.00004233575],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003736044,0.00004260422,0.0001935207,0.000348548,0.00002919192,0.00001693063,0.0003746919,0.00008888586,0.9983147,0.0001410398,0.0002251028,0.0001873684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002801617,0.00002191376,0.0862799,0.00009677825,0.00001783959,0.000006968275,0.00002485763,0.000005423962,0.9107373,0.0007713381,0.001541038,0.0002165019],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980146,0.0001309903,0.00004405598,0.00008962546,0.0008566163,0.0001771751,0.0002757336,0.0001214256,0.0002898298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987119,0.0002332352,0.000246546,0.00006030333,0.0002454372,0.00003716099,0.0003020604,0.00005534612,0.0001080296],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08757748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008714108663265926,"score_gpt":0.2177241715381581,"score_spread":0.2090100628748922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}