{"id":"W3188186504","doi":"10.5430/ijhe.v11n1p85","title":"Academic Writing Groups in Higher Education: History and State of Play","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Higher Education","topic":"Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Discipline; Phenomenon; Academic writing; Context (archaeology); Higher education; Mathematics education; Graduate students; Pedagogy; Sociology; Psychology; Social science; Political science; Epistemology; History","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":["scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"grok","categories":["scholarly_communication"],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"opus","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"systematic_review","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01327926,0.0003857673,0.0009138841,0.007792554,0.005763836,0.01629253,0.001499322,0.003810678,0.003722483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02704987,0.0006577176,0.0003937079,0.01567636,0.02373837,0.01285873,0.005673646,0.004166351,0.000487465],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006320677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01236371,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006498719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008731453,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9908735,0.004995568,0.0008143557,0.001355798,0.001444715,0.0005160435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.923595,0.06521174,0.004238999,0.001386741,0.003294574,0.002272945],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001079704,0.00009409001,0.00760765,0.009507654,0.00003032856,0.0004803727,0.1295569,0.0001321433,0.0002359047,0.1653193,0.009245985,0.6776818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001827529,0.0001911237,0.0248261,0.04410743,0.00005895393,0.001759226,0.266176,0.0001820697,0.0004027155,0.05250806,0.6096618,0.0001083563],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.02701134,0.9071777,0.001386625,0.03633557,0.001219693,0.00003792854,0.00007503257,0.00002328199,0.02673276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3741712,0.6134845,0.002130644,0.005212743,0.002009602,0.00009167439,0.00008884691,0.00004208266,0.002768658],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01629253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1581350548309124,"score_gpt":0.5122475968170621,"score_spread":0.3541125419861497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}