{"id":"W3191178993","doi":"10.1016/j.fbp.2021.08.001","title":"Catalytic conversion of whey permeate into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: Optimization and kinetic modeling approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food and Bioproducts Processing","topic":"Catalysis for Biomass Conversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Lactose; Levulinic acid; Permeation; Catalysis; Acetic acid; Yield (engineering); Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Membrane; Biochemistry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002571187,0.000482596,0.0005716814,0.0002405256,0.0002383948,0.0006309767,0.0005398909,0.0005130449,0.0007203076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002551737,0.000260821,0.0007752476,0.000430671,0.0001204138,0.000387218,0.0001853353,0.0003623763,0.0001842037],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006998862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006385113,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009312463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007585044,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999176,0.0000160456,0.000005361488,0.00001569102,0.00002821231,0.00001704503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999633,0.00001710779,0.000005749711,0.000003406435,0.000008788348,0.00000160504],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002102415,0.0002825752,0.001053192,0.0003176794,0.00006388566,0.0001609657,0.00004651967,0.8918121,0.08573204,0.00405859,0.0002534396,0.01600869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001362157,0.00009892486,0.0004450568,0.000005126775,0.00002448774,0.0000210715,0.00002270538,0.964108,0.03407479,0.0002984533,0.00087855,0.000009263184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8882877,0.001486878,0.09372372,0.0003076156,0.00002815225,0.0001053593,0.0006129026,0.0001273823,0.01532022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9805176,0.0009967397,0.01497277,0.00001861347,0.000004198595,0.00009415264,0.0003063785,0.00002033114,0.003069373],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009312463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01851648,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009346007998791293,"score_gpt":0.1885116029169883,"score_spread":0.179165594918197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}