{"id":"W3191355350","doi":"10.1177/23328584211037253","title":"The Relationship Between Immigration Enforcement and Educational Attainment: The Role of Sanctuary Policies","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AERA Open","topic":"Migration, Health and Trauma","field":"Psychology","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Institute of Education Sciences","keywords":"Immigration; Deportation; Enforcement; Educational attainment; Law enforcement; Political science; State (computer science); Criminology; Immigration policy; Public administration; Politics; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Sociology; Law; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002374509,0.0001833694,0.0002546068,0.0009511716,0.001008513,0.001644457,0.00057339,0.0006214313,0.00369206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02301433,0.0001332291,0.0003392361,0.001044439,0.0009738522,0.0007468499,0.001528723,0.001569255,0.00018957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001476016,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01772913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01909913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974352,0.001348988,0.0001758258,0.0001688678,0.0003079573,0.0005631631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9756954,0.008861042,0.01067319,0.0009484065,0.0009445717,0.002877398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000351969,0.0001330706,0.9956686,0.000005580484,0.00003283945,0.00003365424,0.0002761845,0.00005988645,0.00002726418,0.0003163036,0.00008463654,0.003326762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002519489,0.0000663362,0.9973889,0.00003596188,0.0000263176,0.00003595019,0.001576751,0.0002336253,0.00004788112,0.0001512453,0.0004298797,0.000004719017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996837,0.0002708352,0.00009633032,0.0006902309,0.00001252246,0.000006465835,0.00005363395,0.000002156768,0.002030895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994605,0.00009982467,0.00005039703,0.00005383355,0.00001267345,0.000003324279,0.00004260039,0.000001418872,0.0002754692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01772913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03525186,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0454547793525717,"score_gpt":0.3776577051238497,"score_spread":0.332202925771278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}